What is AUM?

When you invest your money with a financial advisor, your investable assets are under the management of your chosen advisor. This is known as "Assets Under Management", or AUM for short.

Introduction

In this guide, we break down this concept so you fully understand how to calculate AUM fees. Investing with a financial advisor is not free, but it's probably a lot more affordable than you may realize. You don't really have to pay a fee on top of your assets under management. Instead, this percentage fee is automatically withdrawn from your account as your wealth grows throughout the year. It's almost like the percentage fee is being scraped off the top of your gains. Some advisors will take the fee on a monthly or quarterly basis, while others may opt for a different frequency of charging their AUM fee.

If you are new to AdvisorFinder

Welcome! If it's your first time on AdvisorFinder, you might want to have a look at our blog. Our mission is to help people make more informed decisions when it comes to their finances. Thousands of investors subscribe to our newsletter.

Definition of AUM Fees

What is AUM? Assets Under Management

AUM, which stands for Assets Under Management, is a key metric in the financial advisory industry. It's the total value of investments a financial advisor or investment manager manages for their clients.

For you, an individual client/household, AUM fees are charges based on the amount of money an advisor manages for you. These fees are usually a percentage of your total investments.

Here's how AUM fees typically work:

  • The advisor sets a percentage fee, often between 0.5% to 1.5% per year.
  • This fee is applied to your total investment amount.
  • The fee is usually charged quarterly.

For example:

  • If you have $100,000 invested
  • And your advisor charges a 1% AUM fee
  • You'd pay $1,000 per year, or $250 every three months

As your investment grows, so does the fee amount. If your $100,000 grows to $150,000, your 1% fee would now be $1,500 per year.

Some key points about AUM fees:

  • They align the advisor's interests with yours - when your investments grow, they earn more.
  • The percentage often decreases for larger account balances.
  • These fees cover ongoing management and often include financial planning services.

It's important to understand exactly what services are included in your AUM fee. Always ask your advisor for a clear breakdown of costs and what you're getting in return.

Infographic titled 'Calculating Your AUM Fee' showing how to calculate the annual AUM (Assets Under Management) fee. A calculator is depicted in the upper right corner. The calculation example shows a 1% AUM fee multiplied by $1,000,000 in assets under management, resulting in a $10,000 annual AUM fee. Below the example, there's a note stating 'Typical AUM Fee Structures Include Breakpoints,' explaining that 1% of assets under management per year is a common fee for accounts under $1 million.


Typical AUM Fee Structures Include Breakpoints

  • 1% of assets under management per year. This is a common fee for accounts under $1 million.
  • 0.75% of AUM for accounts between $1-5 million. As assets grow, the percentage fee often decreases.
  • 0.50% of AUM for accounts over $5 million. Larger accounts can negotiate a lower AUM fee percentage.
  • Some advisors charge a flat annual fee instead of AUM percentage. This might be $5,000/year or more.

Please keep in mind, this list above is just an example of AUM breakpoints and does not reflect what your advisor will charge. You can negotiate these fees with your individual advisor.

Advisors may also charge separate fees for financial planning. This can range widely: advisors may charge a flat-fee for planning, or an hourly rate.

Pros and Cons of AUM Fees

While AUM fees directly impact your investment returns, it's crucial to consider the value they provide. Let's explore some scenarios to illustrate how AUM fees compare to alternatives and why they might be more cost-effective than you think.

The DIY Investor vs. The Advised Investor

Meet Sarah and Mike, twin siblings who each inherit $500,000 at age 35. They decide to take different approaches to managing their windfall.

Sarah (DIY Investor):

Sarah decides to manage her investments herself. She spends about 5 hours a week researching investments, rebalancing her portfolio, and trying to stay up-to-date with market trends. Over 20 years:

- Her portfolio grows to $1,500,000 (assuming a 5.5% annual return)

- She spends approximately 5,200 hours (260 hours per year for 20 years) managing her investments

- Opportunity cost of time spent: $260,000 (assuming her time is worth $50/hour)

- Total value: $1,500,000 - $260,000 = $1,240,000

Mike (Advised Investor):

Mike chooses to work with a financial advisor charging a 1% AUM fee. The advisor provides comprehensive financial planning, tax optimization, and behavioral coaching. Over 20 years:

- His portfolio grows to $1,800,000 (assuming a 6.5% annual return, factoring in the advisor's added value)

- Total fees paid: $220,000

- Time spent on investments: Minimal (perhaps 10 hours per year for review meetings)

- Total value: $1,800,000 - $220,000 = $1,580,000

Despite paying $220,000 in fees, Mike ends up $340,000 ahead of Sarah. This scenario doesn't even account for the stress reduction and peace of mind Mike experiences by delegating his financial management.

Scenario 2: AUM Fee vs. Flat Fee

Now, let's consider Lisa, who has $1,000,000 to invest and is deciding between two advisory firms:

Firm A (AUM Fee):

- Charges a 1% AUM fee

- Provides comprehensive financial planning, tax optimization, estate planning, and active investment management

- Fee in year 1: $10,000

- Assuming 7% annual growth (including advisor value-add), portfolio value after 10 years: $1,967,151

- Total fees paid over 10 years: $138,164

Firm B (Flat Fee):

- Charges a flat fee of $10,000 per year

- Provides basic financial planning and investment advice, but less comprehensive services

- Fee in year 1: $10,000

- Assuming 6% annual growth, portfolio value after 10 years: $1,790,848

- Total fees paid over 10 years: $100,000

At first glance, the flat fee seems more attractive because the total fees paid are lower. However, consider the following:

1. Value of comprehensive services: Firm A's more comprehensive services led to higher overall returns, even after fees.

2. Alignment of interests: As Lisa's portfolio grew with Firm A, they were incentivized to work harder to maintain and increase its value.

3. Scalability of services: As Lisa's portfolio grew, she received increasingly comprehensive services without her fee percentage increasing.

The difference in portfolio value after 10 years is $176,303 in favor of the AUM fee structure, even though Lisa paid $38,164 more in fees. This illustrates how the alignment of interests in the AUM model can lead to better overall outcomes.

These scenarios demonstrate that while AUM fees may seem high on the surface, they often result in better long-term outcomes due to the comprehensive services provided, the alignment of interests between client and advisor, and the value added through professional management.

When choosing an advisor, it's crucial to look beyond the fee structure and consider the total value proposition, including the range of services offered, the potential for enhanced returns, and the peace of mind that comes with professional financial management.

👉 Questions to Ask Your Financial Advisor before you hire them

While AUM fees may initially appear to reduce your investment returns, they often represent an investment in professional expertise that can significantly enhance your overall financial outcomes. A skilled advisor can typically add value that exceeds their fee, effectively boosting your after-fee returns through strategic planning, tax optimization, behavioral coaching, and more.

Pros

  • Aligns advisor incentives with client goals of growing assets
  • Fees scale with portfolio value
  • Easy to calculate and built into account
  • Advisor has incentive to provide good service to keep assets

Cons

  • Fees are ongoing regardless of advisor activity
  • A 1% fee can seem small but can be large in dollar terms
  • Advisor may be incentivized to take inappropriate risks to grow AUM
  • Advisors may "churn" the account to generate more transactions/fees

AUM Fee Calculator

Use this simple calculator to better understand approximately how much to expect in AUM fees.

AUM Fee Calculator

The average annual return of the stock market is around 7-10% before inflation.
Vanguard estimates that a good advisor can add about 3% in net returns annually through various strategies.
The average AUM fee ranges from 0.50% to 1.25%, with 1% being typical for portfolios under $1 million.

Disclaimer: This calculator is a tool designed to provide a general estimate of the potential costs and benefits of working with a financial advisor based on the inputs you provide. It is important to understand that the results generated by this calculator are approximations and should not be relied upon as the sole basis for making financial decisions. Remember, this calculator is just a starting point. Your actual results may differ.

Important Things to Remember:

  • Advisor fees can change based on services and portfolio size.
  • The value an advisor adds depends on your situation and goals.
  • Some advisors lower fees for bigger portfolios or offer different fee types.
  • The calculator uses a flat fee, which might not match real costs.
  • The calculator assumes steady returns, but markets can be unpredictable.
  • An advisor can't guarantee better performance.
  • The calculator doesn't account for inflation or taxes.
  • This tool gives insights, but it's not a replacement for professional advice.

How the AUM Fee Calculator Works

The AUM (Assets Under Management) Fee Calculator uses compound interest formulas to project portfolio growth with and without an advisor. Here are the key formulas used:

1. Portfolio Value without Advisor

This calculation uses the simple compound interest formula:

\[FV = PV(1 + r)^n\]

  • FV = Future Value
  • PV = Present Value (initial portfolio value)
  • r = Expected Annual Return
  • n = Investment Time Horizon (years)

2. Portfolio Value with Advisor

This calculation incorporates the advisor's added value and fees:

\[FV = PV(1 + r + a - f)^n\]

  • a = Estimated Annual Value Added by Advisor
  • f = Annual AUM Fee

3. Total Fees Paid

Fees are calculated annually based on the growing portfolio value:

\[TotalFees = \sum_{i=1}^n PV(1 + r + a - f)^{i-1} * f\]

4. Net Benefit of Working with an Advisor

This is the difference between the portfolio values, minus the total fees paid:

\[NetBenefit = FV_{with} - FV_{without} - TotalFees\]

The calculator uses these formulas to provide a simplified projection of your portfolio's growth and the potential impact of working with a financial advisor.

Hidden Costs Beyond the AUM Fee

While the AUM fee percentage is the primary cost paid to your financial advisor, there can be additional hidden costs to watch out for:

  • Underlying Fund Fees - The investments within your portfolio likely charge their own expense ratios. These fees are separate from the advisor's AUM fee and can range from 0.1% to over 1% annually depending on the types of funds used.
  • Transaction Fees - Your advisor may charge commissions or ticket charges when buying and selling investments for your portfolio. These incremental fees can add up over time.
  • Miscellaneous Account Fees - Your brokerage account provider or custodian may charge annual account maintenance fees, transfer fees, wire fees and other miscellaneous costs.
  • Advisor Expense Ratios - If invested in the advisor's proprietary mutual funds or ETFs, these may have high expense ratios that benefit the advisor.

Discuss these secondary costs with your advisor to fully understand the complete costs of their service. A 1% AUM fee could end up being closer to 1.5-1.7% after factoring in all additional fees.

Infographic comparing Flat-Fee ($) vs AUM Fee (%) structures. The Flat-Fee column highlights that it is charged as a flat dollar amount, typically collected on a monthly or quarterly basis, and is common for financial planning but less common for ongoing investment management. The AUM Fee column explains that it is charged as a percentage of your investable assets, the fee is collected from your account (not a separate payment), and it is very common for ongoing investment management.

Flat Fee vs. AUM Fee

While AUM fees are common, a flat annual fee model may be preferable in certain situations:

  • If your portfolio is relatively small (under $500k), an AUM fee of 1% could represent a large portion of your expected returns. A flat fee of $2,000 per year may cost less.
  • If you have mostly fixed income and cash holdings, paying an AUM fee on stable assets may not make sense. The advisor does not have to actively manage or trade these assets.
  • If you plan to be very hands-on and self-direct most investment decisions, paying an ongoing AUM fee for advice you won't utilize can be wasted money.
  • If you need one-time advice or financial planning for a specific goal like retirement or college savings, a flat project fee allows you to pay for customized guidance without ongoing fees.
  • If the advisor cannot clearly demonstrate how they will add value in excess of their AUM fee, opting for an hourly rate or flat fee gives you more control over costs.

The optimal fee structure ultimately depends on your unique needs and the value provided by the advisor. Assess your personal situation, advisor relationships, and portfolio management preferences when deciding if an AUM or flat fee model is more appropriate for you.

Tips on How to Negotiate Your AUM Fees

  • Consolidate accounts - Combining multiple accounts to increase your total assets under management can help you qualify for a lower AUM fee percentage. Advisors often have tiered fee schedules that decrease at higher asset thresholds.
  • Increase assets - Growing your portfolio value through additional investments or appreciation can push you over an AUM tier threshold and reduce your fee percentage. Communicate your plans to increase assets under management.

    👉 When and How to Communicate with Your Financial Advisor
  • Negotiate fee schedule - Request a declining AUM fee schedule over time as your assets grow. AUM fees should decrease as a portfolio gets larger. Make the case for an incremental reduction.
  • Lock-in assets - Commit to keeping your assets under management with the advisor for an extended period of time in exchange for a lower AUM percentage. This provides the advisor predictable revenue.
  • Bundle household accounts - If you have multiple accounts across family members, negotiate to bundle them together to aggregate assets which may qualify for a reduced AUM fee.
  • Refer friends and family - Some advisors offer fee discounts for client referrals who also open accounts. Referring new clients can earn you a lower AUM rate.
Infographic titled 'Negotiate Your Fees' with a list of strategies on a purple background. The strategies include: Bundle Household Assets, Consolidate Accounts, Lock-in Assets, Negotiation, and Growth. The background features decorative elements in shades of purple and green.

Questions to Ask Your Financial Advisor When Negotiating

  • What is your firm's standard AUM fee schedule? Do you offer any flexibility in fee percentages for larger portfolios?
  • How do your AUM fees compare to other advisors? Are you willing to match or beat competitive offers?
  • Do you offer any fee discounts for long-term clients who reach certain asset thresholds?
  • Are there opportunities to lower my fee percentage if I consolidate multiple accounts with your firm?
  • Do you offer comprehensive financial planning services for the AUM fee or are those charged hourly as well?
  • How often do you review your client portfolios and communicate updates? Is the level of service proportional to the AUM fee?
  • What value-added services are included with your AUM fee? How do you aim to earn your fee and improve my after-fee returns?
  • Are there any additional transaction fees or commissions charged on top of the AUM percentage?
  • Can we schedule an annual review to re-evaluate the fees and your overall value?

Frequently Asked Questions about AUM Fees

Understanding AUM (Assets Under Management) fees is crucial for anyone working with a financial advisor. This FAQ section addresses common questions about AUM fees, helping you make informed decisions about your investments and financial management.

What is AUM?

AUM stands for Assets Under Management. It refers to the total market value of investments that a financial advisor manages on behalf of their clients.

How are AUM fees calculated?

AUM fees are typically calculated as a percentage of the total assets an advisor manages for a client. For example, if you have $500,000 invested and your advisor charges a 1% AUM fee, you would pay $5,000 annually.

Are there hidden costs beyond the AUM fee?

Yes, there can be additional costs beyond the AUM fee, including:

  • Underlying fund fees (expense ratios)
  • Transaction fees
  • Miscellaneous account fees
  • Advisor expense ratios for proprietary funds

It's important to discuss all potential costs with your advisor to understand the total expense of their services.

How do AUM fees compare to flat fees?

AUM fees are based on a percentage of your assets, while flat fees are a set amount regardless of portfolio size. AUM fees may be more suitable for larger portfolios, while flat fees might be more cost-effective for smaller portfolios or those seeking specific, limited services.

Can I negotiate my AUM fees?

Yes, AUM fees are often negotiable. Strategies for negotiation include:

  • Consolidating accounts to increase total assets
  • Committing to increase assets over time
  • Requesting a declining fee schedule
  • Bundling household accounts
  • Referring new clients to the advisor

Are AUM fees tax-deductible?

As of 2018, investment management fees, including AUM fees, are generally not tax-deductible for individuals. However, it's best to consult with a tax professional for the most up-to-date information regarding your specific situation.

How often are AUM fees charged?

AUM fees are typically charged quarterly, based on the average daily balance or the balance at the end of the quarter. Some advisors may charge monthly or annually.

What services are typically included in an AUM fee?

Services often included in an AUM fee are:

  • Portfolio management
  • Regular portfolio rebalancing
  • Financial planning
  • Retirement planning
  • Tax loss harvesting
  • Regular client meetings and updates

However, services can vary by advisor, so it's important to clarify what's included in your fee.

How do I know if an AUM fee is worth it?

To determine if an AUM fee is worth it, consider:

  • The complexity of your financial situation
  • The value of the services provided
  • Your comfort level with managing investments
  • The advisor's track record and expertise
  • The potential for the advisor to improve your returns or help you avoid costly mistakes

Compare the fee to the potential benefits and consider alternative fee structures to make an informed decision.